Endocrine Abstracts

Parathyroid adenomas are situated nearby thyroid gland or even intrathyroidal and could be confounded with thyroid nodules. Ultrasound elastography is a noninvasive technique that explores the elasticity and stiffness of different tissue.Aim: To assess the value of 2D-shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), a new technique of sonoelastography, in the differentiation of parathyroid adenomas from thyroid nodules.Subjects and methods: We st...

Introduction: Women with a high breast density have an increased risk of breast cancer, which prevalence increases after menopause in obese subjects. Breast density can be calculated on mammograms as the proportion of dense tissue (percent mammographic density-PMD). Several factors may influence the PMD, including age, menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density (BMD) taken as an index of overall estrogen exposure. However, conflicting data have been rep...

Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a relatively rare disease characterized by autonomous hypersecretion of cortisol. The incidence of CS is estimated to be equal to 2–3 cases per million inhabitants per year.The incidence of acromegaly is 3–4 patients per 1 000000 per year. The disease is caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone which is mainly caused by benign tumour of the pituitary gland. In our case report we present a 41 - year - old woman suffering from both Cus...

Introduction: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) represents the most common cause of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, with an estimated prevalence of 1:500 to 1:1000 men. This syndrome is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome. Eighty percent present with a 47,XXY karyotype and the remaining 20% present with a 47,XXY/46,XY mosaic or with multiple X chromosome aneuploidies, often with additional Y chromosomes. The presence of a 47,XXY/46,XX mosaic with male phenotyp...

Background: Hypothyroidism affects cardiac function, leading to cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, lower left ventricular performance, etc. The present study investigates different parameters (clinical, hormonal, biochemical, echocardiographic) in overt primary hypothyroidism (OPHypo) and overt central hypothyroidism (OCHypo).Material and methods: The study included 33 untreated patients with OCHypo (5 with empty sella, 3 with idiopathic hypopituitarism, 7 wi...

Introduction: Vitamin D is a hormone that acts through the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) not only on the skeletal system but on a great number of target tissues, including thyroid gland. In recent years the association of vitamin D with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), has been suggested.VDR gene polymorphisms had been associated with an increased risk of AITD. In addition a recent meta-analysis showed that AITD patients had lower level of 25-hydroxyvitami...

Background: Hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism is a rare cause of acute pancreatitis, with a reported prevalence of 1.5–8%.Clinical case: A 25-year-old male patient was referred to the Endocrinology outpatient clinic for hypercalcemia diagnosed in the context of acute pancreatitis. He had medical and surgical pathological antecedents of: clavicle fracture after car accident, cholecystectomy and appendectomy, gastroesophageal reflux di...

Background: Primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HP) are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular complications and high mortality. Risk factors correlated with hypertension in HP are hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, vitamin D deficiency, etc. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of cardiovascular complications in HP.Material and methods: The study included 45 patients (15 men, 30 women), with a mean age...

Introduction: Asparaginase is a component of chemotherapy regimens used to treat paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). One of its well-known side effects is hyperglycaemia which is probably related to hypoinsulinemia. Its incidence rises significantly when associated with corticotherapy. We present two cases of diabetes related to asparaginase and corticoid administration.Case 1: Eleven-year-old girl diagnosed with an ALL. Before treatment she ...

Introduction: In diabetes insipidus (DI) the serum sodium is often in the high normal range, required to provide the ongoing stimulation of thirst to replace the urinary losses. Marked hypernatremia can occur if a central lesion impairs both ADH release and thirst.Case report: A 57-year-old woman presented with dysuria, polyuria and fever. She was medicated with ciprofloxacin, however, she maintained symptoms, accompanied in the next day by nausea, vomit...